The following components are used to build a complete computer. As a basic computer user, one should know the basic computer components those are essential to repair a PC or configure all of the PC parts in a casing.
Components no 1- Computer Casing: It contains all of the parts of a computer. Normally a power supply is built in with it. There are various types of computer case are available in the market according to the base of the uses. Suppose, if you want to use your computer as a server, you have to buy a computer which has a case with several fans more than the normal.
Components no 2-Power Supply: It is the parts by using which, the electricity is served to the computer. Heavy power supply is better and the durability of the other components like RAM, Hard Disk depends more on it
Components no 3-CPU/ Processor: It means Central Processing Unit. CPU controls all of the processing works of a computer. The main works; data accepting, analyzing, distribution, outputting is done by CPU.
Components no 4- RAM: It means Random Access Memory. It is set on one of a slot of Motherboard. There are two types of RAM are available in the market like SD Ram, DDR Ram. The DDR Ram is widely used in the current tech world.
Components no 5-Hard Disk: Used as a Data Storage Device. Now a day, one more Hard Disk can be used in a PC after enabling the Jumper Settings.
Components no 6- Graphics Card/ AGP Card: Graphics card are used in a computer to enhance the visibility of any media.
Components no 7-Motherboard: The components I have mentioned above, all are installed in various slot of the Motherboard. Motherboard is very crucial components for a computer.
Components no 8- CD/DVD/Floppy Drive: These are used to play external disk or documents in the computer.
Components no 9- Output Device: Monitor, Printer, Scanner, Web cam are the output device.
Components no 10- Input Device: Mouse, Keyboard, Joy Stick etc are the Input Device.
Saturday, September 26, 2009
Manually Remove the Virus
Go to “Start” then “Search” write “Autorun.inf” then search. The file have come,just right click on the properties of it and uncheck the Read only file. Now open the file by notepad and delete all of the data insert of it by pressing Ctrl+A and save it. Again go to “start” then “run” write “msconfig” andok. Go to the start up tab and if any “regsvr” found, uncheck it and exit without restarting. Go to Control Panel then “scheduled task” and delete all of the task here. Again go to start then “run” and write “gpedit.msc” ok . go to user configuration then administrativetemplates then systems. Prevent access to registry editing tools then disable it. Again go to run and write “ regedit’ and ok then go to edit to find and write regsvr.exe and search. If any occurrence found just delete it. But be careful about the system files while deleting. Only regsvr.exe can be deleted but not the regsvr32.exe. again go to start then search then all files and folder then write “*.exe” and select specify date in the tab of ‘when was it modified”. Note a date within which a virus seems tocame in your PC and search. The date should be mentioned here as such that there may have the probability of a virus is attacked but none of the software were installed. After finishing the search select all of the exe file and delete if by Shift+Delete. Simultaneously write regsvr.exe, svchost.exe and search and delete . At last restart your computer.
Speed up your Windows Xp | Optimising Windows Xp
If your want to improve Windows XP performance, here are some tips and trics that will speed up your windows xp after accomplishing some optimisation. All of the computer settings mentioned below can enhance the performance and reliability of your customers' PCs. Best of all, most of them will cost you nothing and its totally a free computer optimization tips.
1.) To lessen a system's boot time and enhance system performance, use build in windows defragmentation software -- the built-in Windows xp defragmenter works just fine.
2.) If you have 512 MB of RAM, add more memory. This is a great tips that can dramatically improve system performance. That’s a great tool for windows xp optimization.
3.)Use the NTFS file system. I suggest you NTFS for its superior security, reliability, and efficiency with larger disk drives. So next time when you set up windows xp again just remember this optimizing tricks to boost up your computer more than 3 times before.
4.) Be sure that the file indexing service is quite off. It is surely decrease your PC speed. Its best if you want to optimize your computer now.
Here's how: First, double-click the My Computer icon. Next, right-click on the C: Drive, then select Properties. Uncheck "Allow Indexing Service to index this disk for fast file searching." Next, apply changes to "C: subfolders and files," and click OK. If a warning or error message appears (such as "Access is denied"), click the Ignore All button. Thats all. Enjoy it.
5.)Do Update the PC's video and motherboard chipset drivers to boost up my computer. Also, update and configure the BIOS.
6.) Whenever you get time, run the disk cleanup. Here's how: Double-click the My Computer icon. Then right-click on the C: drive and select Properties. Click the Disk Cleanup button -- it's just to the right of the Capacity pie graph -- and delete all temporary files by holding Shift+ Delete+ Enter. Its very necessary to speed up your computer.
8.) In your Device Manager menu in the drive system, double-click on the IDE ATA/ATAPI Controllers device, and ensure that DMA is enabled for each drive you have connected to the Primary and Secondary controller. Done it by double-clicking on Primary IDE Channel. Click now on the Advanced Settings tab. Ensure the Transfer Mode is set to "DMA if available" for both Device 0 and Device. Now repeat this process with the Secondary IDE Channel.
9.) Remove all spyware from the computer. Use free programs such as AdAware by Lavasoft or SpyBot Search & Destroy. Once these programs are installed, be sure to check for and download any updates before starting your search. Anything either program finds can be safely removed. Any free software that requires spyware to run will no longer function once the spyware portion has been removed; if your customer really wants the program even though it contains spyware, simply reinstall it. For more information on removing Spyware visit this Web Pro News page.
10.) Uncheck the Windows Startup programs using the MSCONFIG utility. Here's the tactics : First, click Start, click Run, type MSCONFIG, and click OK. Click the StartUp tab, then uncheck any items you don't want to start when Windows starts. Unsure what some items are? Visit the WinTasks Process Library. It contains known system processes, applications, as well as spyware references and explanations. Or quickly identify them by searching for the filenames using Google or another Web search engine.
11.) You can also remove any unnecessary or unused programs from the Add/Remove Programs section of the Control Panel. To complete it better use the Revo Uninstaller.
12.) Update regular Windows update from the Microsoft official site, and download all updates labeled Critical. Download any optional updates at your discretion.
13.) Update the anti-virus software on a weekly, even daily basis. Make sure they have only one anti-virus software package installed.
14.) Make sure that your computer has fewer fonts installed . The more fonts they have, the slower the system will become.
15.) No need to give partition to the hard drive. Windows XP's NTFS file system runs more efficiently on one large partition. The data is no safer on a separate partition, and a reformat is never necessary to reinstall an operating system. The same excuses people offer for using partitions apply to using a folder instead. For example, instead of putting all your data on the D: drive, put it in a folder called "D drive." You'll achieve the same organizational benefits that a separate partition offers, but without the degradation in system performance. Also, your free space won't be limited by the size of the partition; instead, it will be limited by the size of the entire hard drive. This means you won't need to resize any partitions, ever. That task can be time-consuming and also can result in lost data.
16.) Uncheck to disable all unnecessary services. Windows XP loads a lot of services that your customer most likely does not need. To do that go the Control panel and then to Administrative Tools. Find the Services. And decide what u need.
17.) Use Firefox as your default browser.
18.)Open the computer's cases and remove all of the dust inside. The way dust or other natural facts harm your Computer is quiet interesting. To know better - click this link The Causes: What is responsible to harm your PC
Eventually you must have to do it as you are interested to speed up your computer doing optimizing windows xp. Wish you good luck in case of Windows XP optimization for boost up your pc in order to better performance.
1.) To lessen a system's boot time and enhance system performance, use build in windows defragmentation software -- the built-in Windows xp defragmenter works just fine.
2.) If you have 512 MB of RAM, add more memory. This is a great tips that can dramatically improve system performance. That’s a great tool for windows xp optimization.
3.)Use the NTFS file system. I suggest you NTFS for its superior security, reliability, and efficiency with larger disk drives. So next time when you set up windows xp again just remember this optimizing tricks to boost up your computer more than 3 times before.
4.) Be sure that the file indexing service is quite off. It is surely decrease your PC speed. Its best if you want to optimize your computer now.
Here's how: First, double-click the My Computer icon. Next, right-click on the C: Drive, then select Properties. Uncheck "Allow Indexing Service to index this disk for fast file searching." Next, apply changes to "C: subfolders and files," and click OK. If a warning or error message appears (such as "Access is denied"), click the Ignore All button. Thats all. Enjoy it.
5.)Do Update the PC's video and motherboard chipset drivers to boost up my computer. Also, update and configure the BIOS.
6.) Whenever you get time, run the disk cleanup. Here's how: Double-click the My Computer icon. Then right-click on the C: drive and select Properties. Click the Disk Cleanup button -- it's just to the right of the Capacity pie graph -- and delete all temporary files by holding Shift+ Delete+ Enter. Its very necessary to speed up your computer.
8.) In your Device Manager menu in the drive system, double-click on the IDE ATA/ATAPI Controllers device, and ensure that DMA is enabled for each drive you have connected to the Primary and Secondary controller. Done it by double-clicking on Primary IDE Channel. Click now on the Advanced Settings tab. Ensure the Transfer Mode is set to "DMA if available" for both Device 0 and Device. Now repeat this process with the Secondary IDE Channel.
9.) Remove all spyware from the computer. Use free programs such as AdAware by Lavasoft or SpyBot Search & Destroy. Once these programs are installed, be sure to check for and download any updates before starting your search. Anything either program finds can be safely removed. Any free software that requires spyware to run will no longer function once the spyware portion has been removed; if your customer really wants the program even though it contains spyware, simply reinstall it. For more information on removing Spyware visit this Web Pro News page.
10.) Uncheck the Windows Startup programs using the MSCONFIG utility. Here's the tactics : First, click Start, click Run, type MSCONFIG, and click OK. Click the StartUp tab, then uncheck any items you don't want to start when Windows starts. Unsure what some items are? Visit the WinTasks Process Library. It contains known system processes, applications, as well as spyware references and explanations. Or quickly identify them by searching for the filenames using Google or another Web search engine.
11.) You can also remove any unnecessary or unused programs from the Add/Remove Programs section of the Control Panel. To complete it better use the Revo Uninstaller.
12.) Update regular Windows update from the Microsoft official site, and download all updates labeled Critical. Download any optional updates at your discretion.
13.) Update the anti-virus software on a weekly, even daily basis. Make sure they have only one anti-virus software package installed.
14.) Make sure that your computer has fewer fonts installed . The more fonts they have, the slower the system will become.
15.) No need to give partition to the hard drive. Windows XP's NTFS file system runs more efficiently on one large partition. The data is no safer on a separate partition, and a reformat is never necessary to reinstall an operating system. The same excuses people offer for using partitions apply to using a folder instead. For example, instead of putting all your data on the D: drive, put it in a folder called "D drive." You'll achieve the same organizational benefits that a separate partition offers, but without the degradation in system performance. Also, your free space won't be limited by the size of the partition; instead, it will be limited by the size of the entire hard drive. This means you won't need to resize any partitions, ever. That task can be time-consuming and also can result in lost data.
16.) Uncheck to disable all unnecessary services. Windows XP loads a lot of services that your customer most likely does not need. To do that go the Control panel and then to Administrative Tools. Find the Services. And decide what u need.
17.) Use Firefox as your default browser.
18.)Open the computer's cases and remove all of the dust inside. The way dust or other natural facts harm your Computer is quiet interesting. To know better - click this link The Causes: What is responsible to harm your PC
Eventually you must have to do it as you are interested to speed up your computer doing optimizing windows xp. Wish you good luck in case of Windows XP optimization for boost up your pc in order to better performance.
Some Important Tips For The Internet Users
1. Do not do anything without knowing something about the things. To start your internet surfing be aware about your system security.
2. Use a reliable Antivirus. Bit Defender, Kaspersky is the best if you want to buy. If you want to use a free antivirus you must use AVG Antivirus. I personally use it, and it seems to me the great. Even those who don’t use internet they can update his antivirus manually. How can one can manually update his AVG Antivirus regularly? To know the techniques, go to the my categories and select Manually AVG Updating Tutorial.
3. Check your Computer’s Firewall is ON or not. To check it, go to Start Menu. Select Settings and open Control Panel. Find the Button named Security Centre on the screen. Enter on it and see the right side of the Firewall Menu that it is on or not. If it remains off, look extreme below of the page and find “Manage Security Setting For”. There are three options. Click on the Windows Firewall tab. The screen appeared , click upon the ON option and exit with OK button. You are done!
4. Do not open any unknown email. Unknown email means you don’t know the source from where it came. Mind it, maximum virus spreads with Email.
5. It is strictly noticed that never open the email attachment which have come from the unknown source. If you want to open this, first save it on your hard disk. Then scan it for viruses by updated antivirus.
6. Update your Operating System and Applications on regular basis. Older version of application and Operating System are the home for viruses.
7. Don’t use crack or patch of any software if it not really necessary to u. A cracked or patched software may contains harmful virus and spy-ware which can steal important data from your PC. Most email businessman, spammers, hackers cracks or patches the famous and most downloaded software and apply Spyware code on it. Then the cracked software is uploaded on net with free of cost. So beware .
8. Don’t take attempt to download whatever you get. It is common habit for the most of Internet User’s that, downloading different file, though he/she doesn’t know what the source of it, even they don’t know what the work will be done by it. So download the known files.
9. If your Pc become so slow that not appropriate for using or if you seem that your computer has attacked by viruses then you might have to format your PC entirely. So backup your important data on regular basis.
Hope the above information will be useful to you. Thanks.
2. Use a reliable Antivirus. Bit Defender, Kaspersky is the best if you want to buy. If you want to use a free antivirus you must use AVG Antivirus. I personally use it, and it seems to me the great. Even those who don’t use internet they can update his antivirus manually. How can one can manually update his AVG Antivirus regularly? To know the techniques, go to the my categories and select Manually AVG Updating Tutorial.
3. Check your Computer’s Firewall is ON or not. To check it, go to Start Menu. Select Settings and open Control Panel. Find the Button named Security Centre on the screen. Enter on it and see the right side of the Firewall Menu that it is on or not. If it remains off, look extreme below of the page and find “Manage Security Setting For”. There are three options. Click on the Windows Firewall tab. The screen appeared , click upon the ON option and exit with OK button. You are done!
4. Do not open any unknown email. Unknown email means you don’t know the source from where it came. Mind it, maximum virus spreads with Email.
5. It is strictly noticed that never open the email attachment which have come from the unknown source. If you want to open this, first save it on your hard disk. Then scan it for viruses by updated antivirus.
6. Update your Operating System and Applications on regular basis. Older version of application and Operating System are the home for viruses.
7. Don’t use crack or patch of any software if it not really necessary to u. A cracked or patched software may contains harmful virus and spy-ware which can steal important data from your PC. Most email businessman, spammers, hackers cracks or patches the famous and most downloaded software and apply Spyware code on it. Then the cracked software is uploaded on net with free of cost. So beware .
8. Don’t take attempt to download whatever you get. It is common habit for the most of Internet User’s that, downloading different file, though he/she doesn’t know what the source of it, even they don’t know what the work will be done by it. So download the known files.
9. If your Pc become so slow that not appropriate for using or if you seem that your computer has attacked by viruses then you might have to format your PC entirely. So backup your important data on regular basis.
Hope the above information will be useful to you. Thanks.
How to block Website | How to block IP Port ?
It is very necessary to keep the child safe from the adult content of the internet planet and even it is very crucial to block some sites on the personal computer, sometimes, when it feels irritating or contains spyware, malware as well.
To block website, on internet there are many software found but most of them are not effective. I will give you the tricks by applying which one can block any type or any number of site in the computer one use and the block will be accessed without the help of any software.
To take effective step that how to block website........just complete these process:
1. Open My Computer and go to Drive C:\windows\System32\Drivers\etc.
2. Find the Hosts File and Right click on it. Open the file with Notepad.
3. Scoll mouse and go the down of the page and find the IP 127.0.0.1 Localhost
4. Now type the IP 127.0.0.2 and Type the Website URL you want to block.
127.0.0.2 www.internetwebsite.com
127.0.0.3 www.blockinternet.com
127.0.0.4 www.facebook.com
You can add URL to block as many as you want. Just change the last digit like 2,3,4,5 in succession.
Eventually save the notepad and exit. You are done!
How to unblock the internet websites Which I have blocked?
Simple process. Just open the Hosts with notepad and delete the URL you entered . But remember the first IP
127.0.0.1 always must be remain there. Don't delete it. Finally save the page to un- block the IP Port and internet access.
To block website, on internet there are many software found but most of them are not effective. I will give you the tricks by applying which one can block any type or any number of site in the computer one use and the block will be accessed without the help of any software.
To take effective step that how to block website........just complete these process:
1. Open My Computer and go to Drive C:\windows\System32\Drivers\etc.
2. Find the Hosts File and Right click on it. Open the file with Notepad.
3. Scoll mouse and go the down of the page and find the IP 127.0.0.1 Localhost
4. Now type the IP 127.0.0.2 and Type the Website URL you want to block.
For Example:
127.0.0.3 www.blockinternet.com
127.0.0.4 www.facebook.com
You can add URL to block as many as you want. Just change the last digit like 2,3,4,5 in succession.
Eventually save the notepad and exit. You are done!
How to unblock the internet websites Which I have blocked?
Simple process. Just open the Hosts with notepad and delete the URL you entered . But remember the first IP
127.0.0.1 always must be remain there. Don't delete it. Finally save the page to un- block the IP Port and internet access.
Important Shortcuts For Microsoft Office
Here are some useful Microsoft Office Shortcuts which are often needed when we write any special or mathematical documents in MS Office. These shortcuts also works in notepad.
- alt 0174 = ® (Registered)
- alt 0169 = © (Copyright)
- alt 0153 = ™ (Trade Mark)
- alt 227 = π (Pie)
- alt 251 = √ (Root Over)
- alt 0178 = ² (Square)
- alt0179 = ³ ( Cube)
- alt224 = α ( Alpha)
- alt 223 = ß (Bita)
- alt 228 =Σ (Summation)
- alt 0248= ø (Phi)
- alt 0177 = ± (Plus Minus)
- alt 0188 =¼( One-Fourth)
- alt 0189 =½ (Half)
- alt 0190=¾ (Three-fourth)
- alt 0215 =× (Multiple)
- alt 0247 = ÷ ( Divide)
Stop the path to enter on Display Properties of Windows XP | Troubleshooting
If you want you can stop the path to enter on the Display Properties of your Windows XP operating PC. If do, anyone will not be able to change the resolution of your computer monitor and appearance. To do so just click on Start→Run and type regidit. Enter. The registry editor will open. In registry editor go to at HKEY-CURRENTUSER→Software→Microsoft→Windows→CurrentVersion→Policies→System. If you want to stop the path for entirely as unable to enter in future then Edit→New→Dword and open the value and create a new value named NoDispcPL. Now double click on it and give the value 1. Ok….done!
Stop the annoying Error Reporting of your Windows XP
The users of the Windows XP operating system are familiar with Error Reporting. While any of small problems is occurred, an error report is displayed on Desktop. It is written here that a problem is seen on your computer and your operating system has created a report about it . Now do you want to send this error report to Microsoft or not? There is two option name “ Send now” and “Don’t send”. If you want to stop this service; you can it.
1.Go to My Computer and right click on it.
2.Enter to System Properties and click on the Advanced Tab.
3.Now at the extreme below of the new box find the Error Reporting tab and click on it.
4. Now two box will be found here named “ disable error reporting “ and “ But notify me when critical errors occur”.
5.Check in the first one and exit after OK.
It is recommended that check in the second box named “But notify me when critical errors occur” due to the safety of your Computer. Because it will show you if any big type of error occurs.
You may read more about:
How to reduce Pc's Shutdown time?
Find out the hidden files on XP
Important shortcuts for MS Office
Audit your Pc
1.Go to My Computer and right click on it.
2.Enter to System Properties and click on the Advanced Tab.
3.Now at the extreme below of the new box find the Error Reporting tab and click on it.
4. Now two box will be found here named “ disable error reporting “ and “ But notify me when critical errors occur”.
5.Check in the first one and exit after OK.
It is recommended that check in the second box named “But notify me when critical errors occur” due to the safety of your Computer. Because it will show you if any big type of error occurs.
You may read more about:
How to reduce Pc's Shutdown time?
Find out the hidden files on XP
Important shortcuts for MS Office
Audit your Pc
Show or hide the “My Recent Documents” from the Windows XP Start Menu
By default My Recent Documents appears in XP Start Menu and display a list of files and documents that you most recently used. But many of you don’t want it in Start Menu. Here is the method of hiding it:
Right click on start menu and click the properties menu. Click Customize and later click on Advanced tab. Under recent documents, uncheck the “list my most recently used documents”. Click OK and then OK. Done!!!
Find out the hidden files on Windows XP
It is not possible to find out the hidden files or system files in Windows XP by searching the files and folder option, though these file are still active in your different drives. If you want you can find out your hidden files in your windows xp. To do this, click the Tab of “All files and Folder” from the “Search” Tab of your “start” menu. Now click on the option of “More Advanced”. Now for unhidden your system files and other files click on the checkbox of “Search Hidden Files and Folders” and “Search System Folders”. Now you will get all of your hidden system and other files.
How to reduce Computer Shutdown time ?
It is really irritating if computer takes more time to shutdown. Slow Computer Shutdown is the common problems of maximum computer users those who don't know the tricks, how to reduce the shutdown time.
Now i will describe it, what is the reason of slow computer shutdown and how can I boost up a computer shutdown speed.
Reason to shutdown slow:
The computer takes more time to shutting down because it attempts to clear all of the page file which are created during working on PC. Until all of the pages are cleared it compels you to stay freeze. After clearing all of the data it shuts down.
The Trick to reduce the shutdown time:
Click on "Start" and Go to "Run". Write "regedit" in the run box and search. It will take you to the Registry Editor. Here double click on the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE. Go to SYSTEM. Then CurrentControlSet. Then Control. Remember, every item is to be opened either double clicking on it or expand sign from the left. In control menu find Session Manager. Then go to Memory Management. Find ClearPageAtShutdown. Now set the value of it to 0 (Zero).
Ok Done! Restart your PC and feel the difference. Hope Computer will take less time to shutdown.
Now i will describe it, what is the reason of slow computer shutdown and how can I boost up a computer shutdown speed.
Reason to shutdown slow:
The computer takes more time to shutting down because it attempts to clear all of the page file which are created during working on PC. Until all of the pages are cleared it compels you to stay freeze. After clearing all of the data it shuts down.
The Trick to reduce the shutdown time:
Click on "Start" and Go to "Run". Write "regedit" in the run box and search. It will take you to the Registry Editor. Here double click on the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE. Go to SYSTEM. Then CurrentControlSet. Then Control. Remember, every item is to be opened either double clicking on it or expand sign from the left. In control menu find Session Manager. Then go to Memory Management. Find ClearPageAtShutdown. Now set the value of it to 0 (Zero).
Ok Done! Restart your PC and feel the difference. Hope Computer will take less time to shutdown.
What Care Should Be Taken For Your PC at a Weekly Based?
1. On which table you fixed your PC, clean the every space of the table by clean cloth.
2. The outer side of your PC casing should be wiped out.
3. Clean the Monitor screen. In this case, antistatic spray or solution can be used.
4. Clean the Printer and others peripheral.
5. Rearrange the papers you used.
6. Run the Disk Defragmenter and Disk Clean Up Application at least once a week
2. The outer side of your PC casing should be wiped out.
3. Clean the Monitor screen. In this case, antistatic spray or solution can be used.
4. Clean the Printer and others peripheral.
5. Rearrange the papers you used.
6. Run the Disk Defragmenter and Disk Clean Up Application at least once a week
What parts of your PC are attacked by dust?
1. Internal Memory Chip.
2. Different Electromechanical Parts.
3. Disk Drive
4. Printer.
5. Keyboard and Mouse.
6. Outside of the Casing.
What the harms happen to a PC if it attacked by Dusts & Dirt?
1. Dust and other garbage store on the surface of motherboard & slot, which causes the parts to obstruct the heat radiation. As a result the parts of pc become so heated and cause the system crash.
2. The moving parts of the PC like fan, cooler get slower if it attacked by dust.
3. Dust is a reason for the parts corrosion.
4. Dust creates Oxide Type material upon the Pin & Connector which might obstruct the basic performance of Computer.
The Methods: To keep your PC dust free.
1. After every shut-down, let it be cool and remove dust from the casing by a clean cloth.
2. Clean carefully the Keyboard, Monitor, and Mouse at least once a week.
3. Must use dust cover. It is very necessary in our country (Bangladesh).
4. Don’t set your pc near the window. If do so, dust and rain, may come through the window and harm your PC.
5. Use Alcoholic cleaner with soft cotton cloth to clean the external parts of the Pc.
6. Use Blower or Vacuum cleaner to clean he internal parts of the PC.
7. Keep away your PC from the fluid materials.
8. Use static reducing agent to clean our monitor screen.
2. Different Electromechanical Parts.
3. Disk Drive
4. Printer.
5. Keyboard and Mouse.
6. Outside of the Casing.
What the harms happen to a PC if it attacked by Dusts & Dirt?
1. Dust and other garbage store on the surface of motherboard & slot, which causes the parts to obstruct the heat radiation. As a result the parts of pc become so heated and cause the system crash.
2. The moving parts of the PC like fan, cooler get slower if it attacked by dust.
3. Dust is a reason for the parts corrosion.
4. Dust creates Oxide Type material upon the Pin & Connector which might obstruct the basic performance of Computer.
The Methods: To keep your PC dust free.
1. After every shut-down, let it be cool and remove dust from the casing by a clean cloth.
2. Clean carefully the Keyboard, Monitor, and Mouse at least once a week.
3. Must use dust cover. It is very necessary in our country (Bangladesh).
4. Don’t set your pc near the window. If do so, dust and rain, may come through the window and harm your PC.
5. Use Alcoholic cleaner with soft cotton cloth to clean the external parts of the Pc.
6. Use Blower or Vacuum cleaner to clean he internal parts of the PC.
7. Keep away your PC from the fluid materials.
8. Use static reducing agent to clean our monitor screen.
Tricks to save your PC from the Harmful Effect of Temperature
Computer can bear a certain extent of temperature. This means normal and tolerant temperature is not harmful for computers. So.....
1. Give your computer a certain time to be normalized its temperature if he machine becomes highly heated. To do that, shut down your pc instead of idling or screen saver using.
2. If possible, set your machine into an Air Conditioned room. If it is not possible for your then set your pc in a room, where air flowing is adequate.
3. Remove dust from the casing regular basis, so that it can not be permanently fixed on the casing.
1. Give your computer a certain time to be normalized its temperature if he machine becomes highly heated. To do that, shut down your pc instead of idling or screen saver using.
2. If possible, set your machine into an Air Conditioned room. If it is not possible for your then set your pc in a room, where air flowing is adequate.
3. Remove dust from the casing regular basis, so that it can not be permanently fixed on the casing.
Tricks to save your PC from the Harmful Effect of Temperature
Computer can bear a certain extent of temperature. This means normal and tolerant temperature is not harmful for computers. So.....
1. Give your computer a certain time to be normalized its temperature if he machine becomes highly heated. To do that, shut down your pc instead of idling or screen saver using.
2. If possible, set your machine into an Air Conditioned room. If it is not possible for your then set your pc in a room, where air flowing is adequate.
3. Remove dust from the casing regular basis, so that it can not be permanently fixed on the casing.
1. Give your computer a certain time to be normalized its temperature if he machine becomes highly heated. To do that, shut down your pc instead of idling or screen saver using.
2. If possible, set your machine into an Air Conditioned room. If it is not possible for your then set your pc in a room, where air flowing is adequate.
3. Remove dust from the casing regular basis, so that it can not be permanently fixed on the casing.
Friday, September 25, 2009
Laptop Or Desktop Is The Question
Deciding to buy a computer, and not sure what you want? Do you like the ability to take your computer with you? Or are you more apt to purchase a desktop? Really with the technological advancements over the years, this is a question more people are faced with than before. Laptops used to have worse graphics and not near the storage of a desktop. Processors speeds also did not match up in a comparison of laptops to desktops.
Now you can get a laptop that offers you 160 GB of storage or more, an Intel processor and a great LCD screen with crisp colors that look nice.
Of course you can get the same thing in desktops. And for both you of course do have several brand choices. It seems like some brands are coming out with great options to the higher priced brands that have been in business longer. Some notable newer names are E-machines and Acer. These companies are not as well known as Compaq, Sony or Toshiba, but these choices are just as good and offer you cheaper alternatives to other companies and they have both laptops and desktops.
In the long run you need to decide what you want: the mobility or the stay-at-home computer. Everyone likes one another more than the other one. But desktop or laptop you can find good deals.
You also have several choices of stores that you can look at when looking for different types of computers. Best Buy, Circuit City, and Wal-Mart are great places to shop. This will give you a way to compare not only a laptop or desktop computer, but also the different prices and brands available.
When getting something as expensive as a computer, you really need to compare and do research at different stores. Don't ever walk in and buy the first computer that you see. You will most likely question that purchase at a later time and wish you had waited.
Also if you are purchasing a computer, you should really consider getting at least the one year extended warranty, if not two years. One problem with your computer and you will most likely have paid for that extra coverage. Don't think this is a bad idea, because in the long run this coverage does pay for itself.
Now you can get a laptop that offers you 160 GB of storage or more, an Intel processor and a great LCD screen with crisp colors that look nice.
Of course you can get the same thing in desktops. And for both you of course do have several brand choices. It seems like some brands are coming out with great options to the higher priced brands that have been in business longer. Some notable newer names are E-machines and Acer. These companies are not as well known as Compaq, Sony or Toshiba, but these choices are just as good and offer you cheaper alternatives to other companies and they have both laptops and desktops.
In the long run you need to decide what you want: the mobility or the stay-at-home computer. Everyone likes one another more than the other one. But desktop or laptop you can find good deals.
You also have several choices of stores that you can look at when looking for different types of computers. Best Buy, Circuit City, and Wal-Mart are great places to shop. This will give you a way to compare not only a laptop or desktop computer, but also the different prices and brands available.
When getting something as expensive as a computer, you really need to compare and do research at different stores. Don't ever walk in and buy the first computer that you see. You will most likely question that purchase at a later time and wish you had waited.
Also if you are purchasing a computer, you should really consider getting at least the one year extended warranty, if not two years. One problem with your computer and you will most likely have paid for that extra coverage. Don't think this is a bad idea, because in the long run this coverage does pay for itself.
How To Buy And Sell At Online Auctions
When you think of online auctions, what's the first place you think of E-bay right, but it's not the only auction place out there. It is of course the biggest and most known by far. You can shop and buy everything from posters to shoes, or even vehicles. You can also sell things that are cluttering up your house.
Some things might be old software you're not using anymore, like an outdated registry cleaner or something. Or maybe you're getting a new computer and want to sell your old one.
Buying articles on e-bay is simple, all you do is search for an item, hit enter and look at all the choices. You can find some very good deals on purses or jerseys. I've found some outstanding deals personally on e-bay. It's amazing what all you can find on e-bay; the most obscure things can possibly be found. One thing to remember is, be sure to check your security when doing online purchase.
Selling on e-bay is simple also. All you need is to setup an account to be a seller. It's also wise to have a way to take a picture of whatever you may be offering. This gives the possible buyer the opportunity to see what kind of shape the item is in, plus with a picture you may be able to get more money from your item.
Also with buying, if you would like to get the item quicker, you might want to consider looking at "Buy Now" items. At times you may pay more for a "buy now" item than you would if you bid, but at times it will actually save you money.
When selling items you're going to have to include a shipping cost, ofcourse if it's not a downloadable computer programs, usually you can estimate closely to what the actual shipping cost will be. But don't put it too high either, this is unethical and not something you should do. Maybe a good way to get a possible amount is to compare your item to like items and see what others are charging for shipping. Then put the amount down. If you have postage scale by all means do it this way.
Also be sure to check other auctions out there. They may not be as well known but you may find other cool items there as well. Or, possibly, that something special you've been looking all over for. They're easy enough to find; just do a Google search on auctions. Then look at the different ones that come up. This was not about registry cleaners or security but I hope that it was interesting anyway.
Some things might be old software you're not using anymore, like an outdated registry cleaner or something. Or maybe you're getting a new computer and want to sell your old one.
Buying articles on e-bay is simple, all you do is search for an item, hit enter and look at all the choices. You can find some very good deals on purses or jerseys. I've found some outstanding deals personally on e-bay. It's amazing what all you can find on e-bay; the most obscure things can possibly be found. One thing to remember is, be sure to check your security when doing online purchase.
Selling on e-bay is simple also. All you need is to setup an account to be a seller. It's also wise to have a way to take a picture of whatever you may be offering. This gives the possible buyer the opportunity to see what kind of shape the item is in, plus with a picture you may be able to get more money from your item.
Also with buying, if you would like to get the item quicker, you might want to consider looking at "Buy Now" items. At times you may pay more for a "buy now" item than you would if you bid, but at times it will actually save you money.
When selling items you're going to have to include a shipping cost, ofcourse if it's not a downloadable computer programs, usually you can estimate closely to what the actual shipping cost will be. But don't put it too high either, this is unethical and not something you should do. Maybe a good way to get a possible amount is to compare your item to like items and see what others are charging for shipping. Then put the amount down. If you have postage scale by all means do it this way.
Also be sure to check other auctions out there. They may not be as well known but you may find other cool items there as well. Or, possibly, that something special you've been looking all over for. They're easy enough to find; just do a Google search on auctions. Then look at the different ones that come up. This was not about registry cleaners or security but I hope that it was interesting anyway.
What Are Open Source Softwares
Open source software is free software where it is not only the source code that is available to the public. Open source software is a software that users can use, modify and redistribute because of the human readable source code that is available under a copyright license. The use of the term open source started as a marketing campaign for free softwares. Later on, all softwares that meet the criteria set under the open source definition are all called open source softwares.
What is the benefit of using open source software?
As mentioned, open source software is free software. You can use, modify or redistribute these open source softwares without cost.
Another benefit in using open source software is because you can modify or alter the source code, you become a co-developer.
You can help find bugs from these open source softwares and suggest improvements into the open source software. Thus, other users will benefit from the improvements you suggested as a co-developer.
The use of open source softwares are not limited to few applications, as in fact, there are many types of open source softwares that you can use. Differens between open source and shareware programs is that shareware is just limited free.
Here are a few examples of open source software
Document editing open source software
PDF, this is one of the popular open source softwares you can use by installing and downloading the computer program from the internet
Linux Office Suite
Other word processing softwares such as Notetaking, LaTeX, Spreadsheet and Text Editor
Multimedia open source computer softwares include Audio Processors, Linux MultiMedia Studio, Rosegarden, etc.
Video editing open source softwares, there are numerous open source softwares in this category.
Networking and internet open source softwares, including email and instant messaging softwares
Applied fields such as mathematical, science and statistics softwares are also available as open source softwares.
Data storage and management open source softwares will help you back up your files and thus you do not fear loosing them forever.
Educational softwares of many kind are likewise available
Gaming open source softwares
Operating systems
There are almost a hundred of open source softwares and because users are free to modify to improve these open sources softwares, it is not surprising to know that there will be variations and additional open source softwares that will come out of this freedom.
You do not only use free software but you can be part of improving the software to benefit as many people.
Of course, there could be bugs that needs adjustments and if you can help point out those bugs and recommend improvements, then you are sure that the coming generations will enjoy application softwares like free registry cleaners that will improve their lives.
Different Kind Of Computer Softwares And What They Are
Computer Software is a computer tool that will help computer users interact with the machine or the hardware in a computer. Without computer softwares, you will not be able to make the computer run and thus working on computers may not be as easy as it is today.
There are different types of computer software and the differences lie in the usage and action they do inside the computer.
To help you understand the different kinds of computer software, this article will help you by giving you the examples of computer software in each type of computer software.
You may think that you do not need them but then you have to know what to buy when you need a certain software.
The three types of computer softwares are systems software, programming software and applications software. Read on to know the differences.
Systems Software
Systems software assists you in communicating with the hardware and the computer system. Systems software is a software that is part of the computer when you purchase it. Example of the systems software is the operating system like windows vista, which helps you open the computer and interact with it. Another example is the device drivers or the softwares that sends the document to the printer or the system that helps you use the memory of the computer. Another is the windows system; they are already in the computer when you purchase one. This helps you power up the computer.
Programming software
Programming software is a software used by computer engineers and computer technicians. This software helps them to write computer programs and softwares using programming languages. Users do not use programming software but because there will be no working computers without programming softwares, users may not know programming software but they need it. Programming softwares ensure that the machine or the computer will work the way you need it.
Application software
This is the software that you use. Example of application softwares includes Microsoft office applications, business softwares, accounting softwares, medical software, registry cleaner software, educational softwares and computer gaming softwares.
Some of these softwares are available in the computer when you buy it, but others are optional. If the user deems it necessary to use other application softwares, you can do so by purchasing such application software and installing it in the computer.
Understanding computer softwares is necessary if you would like to make your computer work advantageously for you. While you may not need to know a lot about systems software or programming software, knowing what it does helps you understand how computers work. By this understanding, you will know what to do when a problem in your computer comes out.
Downloading And Installing Computer Programs
Programs are important for the user to communicate with the computer. Thus, users need to install computer programs to make sure that the computer will work the way users need to. There are also computer programs or softwares that you can download from internet websites to help you in more specific and advanced tasks.
Many computer programmers create computer programs or improve existing computer programs for users to purchase and download from the internet.
However, because of the proliferation of computer viruses that may harm the computer like deleting files, or crashing the system, users need to be careful in downloading and installing computer programs.
It is therefore necessary that before you download or install a computer program into your computer, you will be able to assess if the program is going to harm your computer or not.
It is often difficult to assess the possibility of a computer program damaging your computer by mere description or advertisement provided by the computer programmer or program manufacturer. It is necessary that you analyze the computer program before embarking on purchasing or downloading such computer program.
Things to consider before downloading or installing computer programs
Know what the computer software can do for you and what it can do to your computer. Ask the manufacturer for information and detailed description of the computer program. The manufacturer may post this in its website or provide you with copy of a manual. You will need to know what other things the computer program can do to your computer other than the function that the manufacturer tells you or advertised it can do. Some manufacturers offer free trail on their softwares. RegCure software is such a program. You can try it out before deciding to buy which is positive for the buyer.
Check for reviews. The written description or information of the computer program may not be enough for you to assess the computer program properly. Thus, you will need to look for other individuals who might have used or tried the computer program. Reviews posted on the internet may help you understand the program better and this is something that you need to look for before you download and install a new computer program.
Know the company or individuals who created or designed the computer program. The computer program manufacturer should be accessible to the user. Ask for their email address, telephone number, address and the registered manufacturer of the computer program. You may check the company with the Better Business Bureau to know if they are legally operating as computer program manufacturer. You may also try contacting them through telephone or email. If the manufacturer is legitimate, you will easily get in touch with them and thus, when problems arise, you are sure you can reach the people responsible for the computer program.
Backup important files in your computer. Because you will be installing a new computer program. You will avoid the risk of loosing important files by doing a backup in a CD or USB. This is to make sure that should anything untoward happen; you will be able to retrieve your important files.
If the computer program is able to pass the rigid analysis above, download and install the computer program after you have ensured that your anti-virus program and registry cleaner is working properly.
You may have analyzed the new computer program but then being able to doubly protect your computer with anti-virus program is always necessary.
Many computer programmers create computer programs or improve existing computer programs for users to purchase and download from the internet.
However, because of the proliferation of computer viruses that may harm the computer like deleting files, or crashing the system, users need to be careful in downloading and installing computer programs.
It is therefore necessary that before you download or install a computer program into your computer, you will be able to assess if the program is going to harm your computer or not.
It is often difficult to assess the possibility of a computer program damaging your computer by mere description or advertisement provided by the computer programmer or program manufacturer. It is necessary that you analyze the computer program before embarking on purchasing or downloading such computer program.
Things to consider before downloading or installing computer programs
Know what the computer software can do for you and what it can do to your computer. Ask the manufacturer for information and detailed description of the computer program. The manufacturer may post this in its website or provide you with copy of a manual. You will need to know what other things the computer program can do to your computer other than the function that the manufacturer tells you or advertised it can do. Some manufacturers offer free trail on their softwares. RegCure software is such a program. You can try it out before deciding to buy which is positive for the buyer.
Check for reviews. The written description or information of the computer program may not be enough for you to assess the computer program properly. Thus, you will need to look for other individuals who might have used or tried the computer program. Reviews posted on the internet may help you understand the program better and this is something that you need to look for before you download and install a new computer program.
Know the company or individuals who created or designed the computer program. The computer program manufacturer should be accessible to the user. Ask for their email address, telephone number, address and the registered manufacturer of the computer program. You may check the company with the Better Business Bureau to know if they are legally operating as computer program manufacturer. You may also try contacting them through telephone or email. If the manufacturer is legitimate, you will easily get in touch with them and thus, when problems arise, you are sure you can reach the people responsible for the computer program.
Backup important files in your computer. Because you will be installing a new computer program. You will avoid the risk of loosing important files by doing a backup in a CD or USB. This is to make sure that should anything untoward happen; you will be able to retrieve your important files.
If the computer program is able to pass the rigid analysis above, download and install the computer program after you have ensured that your anti-virus program and registry cleaner is working properly.
You may have analyzed the new computer program but then being able to doubly protect your computer with anti-virus program is always necessary.
Protect Your Children With Parental controls
Another security software apart from anti-spyware and registry cleaner is content-control software, also known as censor ware or web filtering software is a term for software designed and optimized for controlling what content is permitted to a reader, especially when it is used to restrict material delivered over the Web. Content-control software determines what content will be available on a particular machine or network; the motive is often to prevent persons from viewing content which the computer's owner(s) or other authorities may consider objectionable; when imposed without the consent of the user, content control can constitute censorship. Common use cases of such software include parents who wish to limit what sites their children may view from home computers, schools performing the same function with regard to computers found at school, and parents restricting what content may be viewed by children’s.
Parental controls are options, typically included in digital television services, computer and video games, or computer software used to access the Internet, that allows a parent to monitor or limit what a child can see or do and/or time-limit these activities. These controls may allow for the blocking of television stations using V-Chip technology, the removal of gore from computer games, the blocking of various websites, such as those containing pornography, or the automatic censoring of swearing. This is very vital internet security for a parent actually.
Several technologies exist in creating parental controls for blocking websites. The API method uses the operating-system programming interface to gather information about a foreign application such as browsers and chat applications to seize control of the foreign application when the information gathered triggers a positive in a database of banned words. Parental control software using API technology is limited to shutting down the offending application; in some cases, a different action like deleting the offending words may be possible depending on how the offending application is programmed. You should really know where you should let your child on internet.
The next widely utilized technology is the proxy server method. An application such as a browser will communicate with the proxy server and the proxy server will then handle the request and fetch the Web page and return it to the browser. This helps security because the workstation never deals directly with the foreign server but only with the proxy, which can also speed up the connection and alleviate congestion by caching content locally.
Another way security is improved with proxy servers is unlike a registry cleaner, to inspect the data being sent and received; if by rules of definitions the data is tagged bad, then the proxy server can act like a firewall and deny the communication. In this example the proxy server is an http proxy and receives an http header request for a Web page; the server will parse the host section or the get section of the header and do a search in a database of banned (user-defined) words or banned (user-defined) URLs. If there is a positive match the proxy server never relays the request to the remote server, but instead either returns nothing or leaves the response to the local client application to deal with, or returns an alternative response to the request, such as a custom "denied" page or a redirection header.
Parental controls are options, typically included in digital television services, computer and video games, or computer software used to access the Internet, that allows a parent to monitor or limit what a child can see or do and/or time-limit these activities. These controls may allow for the blocking of television stations using V-Chip technology, the removal of gore from computer games, the blocking of various websites, such as those containing pornography, or the automatic censoring of swearing. This is very vital internet security for a parent actually.
Several technologies exist in creating parental controls for blocking websites. The API method uses the operating-system programming interface to gather information about a foreign application such as browsers and chat applications to seize control of the foreign application when the information gathered triggers a positive in a database of banned words. Parental control software using API technology is limited to shutting down the offending application; in some cases, a different action like deleting the offending words may be possible depending on how the offending application is programmed. You should really know where you should let your child on internet.
The next widely utilized technology is the proxy server method. An application such as a browser will communicate with the proxy server and the proxy server will then handle the request and fetch the Web page and return it to the browser. This helps security because the workstation never deals directly with the foreign server but only with the proxy, which can also speed up the connection and alleviate congestion by caching content locally.
Another way security is improved with proxy servers is unlike a registry cleaner, to inspect the data being sent and received; if by rules of definitions the data is tagged bad, then the proxy server can act like a firewall and deny the communication. In this example the proxy server is an http proxy and receives an http header request for a Web page; the server will parse the host section or the get section of the header and do a search in a database of banned (user-defined) words or banned (user-defined) URLs. If there is a positive match the proxy server never relays the request to the remote server, but instead either returns nothing or leaves the response to the local client application to deal with, or returns an alternative response to the request, such as a custom "denied" page or a redirection header.
History of The DataBase Management System
A collection of related data stored in one or more computerized files in a manner that can be accessed by users or computer programs via a database management system. A software system that facilitates the creation and maintenance and use of an electronic database.
Traditional databases are organized by fields, records, and files. A field is a single piece of information; a record is one complete set of fields; and a file is a collection of records. For example, a telephone book is analogous to a file. It contains a list of records, each of which consists of three fields: name, address, and telephone number.
To access information from a database, you need a database management system This is a collection of computer programs that enables you to enter, organize, and select data in a database.
Database management systems are usually categorized according to the database model that they support. The data model tends to determine the query languages that are available to access the database.
There are different types of DBMS System
Relational Database Management Systems
Network Database Management Systems
Hierarchical Database Management Systems
Relational Database Management Systems
The most widely commonly used type of DBMS today is the Relational Database Management Systems.
Some Data Base Management Systems can be accessed directly using programming languages such as COBOL while others provide their own programming language for interacting with the database. Many DBMS applications also provide reporting and query tools to view data in the database.
Database design is the process of organizing this data into related record types. The DBMS that is chosen is the one that can support the organization's data structure while efficiently processing the transaction volume.
Relational Database Management Systems
Relational databases do not link records together physically, but the design of the records must provide a common field, such as account number, to allow for matching. Often, the fields used for matching are indexed in order to speed up the process.
Network Database Management Systems
The network model tends to store records with links to other records. Associations are tracked via "pointers". These pointers can be node numbers or disk addresses. Most computer networking databases tend to also include some form of hierarchical model. In network databases, a record type can have multiple owners.
Traditional databases are organized by fields, records, and files. A field is a single piece of information; a record is one complete set of fields; and a file is a collection of records. For example, a telephone book is analogous to a file. It contains a list of records, each of which consists of three fields: name, address, and telephone number.
To access information from a database, you need a database management system This is a collection of computer programs that enables you to enter, organize, and select data in a database.
Database management systems are usually categorized according to the database model that they support. The data model tends to determine the query languages that are available to access the database.
There are different types of DBMS System
Relational Database Management Systems
Network Database Management Systems
Hierarchical Database Management Systems
Relational Database Management Systems
The most widely commonly used type of DBMS today is the Relational Database Management Systems.
Some Data Base Management Systems can be accessed directly using programming languages such as COBOL while others provide their own programming language for interacting with the database. Many DBMS applications also provide reporting and query tools to view data in the database.
Database design is the process of organizing this data into related record types. The DBMS that is chosen is the one that can support the organization's data structure while efficiently processing the transaction volume.
Relational Database Management Systems
Relational databases do not link records together physically, but the design of the records must provide a common field, such as account number, to allow for matching. Often, the fields used for matching are indexed in order to speed up the process.
Network Database Management Systems
The network model tends to store records with links to other records. Associations are tracked via "pointers". These pointers can be node numbers or disk addresses. Most computer networking databases tend to also include some form of hierarchical model. In network databases, a record type can have multiple owners.
Hierarchical Database Management Systems
In a hierarchical model, data is organized into a tree-like structure, implying a single upward link in each node to describe the nesting, and a sort field to keep the records in a particular order in each same-level list.
Relational Database Management Systems
Relational databases do not link records together physically, but the design of the records must provide a common field, such as account number, to allow for matching. Often, the fields used for matching are indexed in order to speed up the process
Following are some Database Product which are popular.
4D
ADABAS
Alpha Five
Apache Derby Java, also known as IBM Cloudscape and Sun Java DB
BerkeleyDB
CSQL
dBase
FileMaker
Firebird database server
Hsqldb
IBM DB2
IBM IMS
IBM UniVerse
Informix
Ingres
Interbase
MaxDB
Microsoft Access
Microsoft SQL Server
Model 204
MySQL
Nomad
Objectivity/DB
OpenOffice.org Base
OpenLink Virtuoso
Oracle Database
Paradox
PostgreSQL
ScimoreDB
Superbase
Sybase
Visual FoxPro
Teradata
RDM Embedded
History of The DataBase Management System
A collection of related data stored in one or more computerized files in a manner that can be accessed by users or computer programs via a database management system. A software system that facilitates the creation and maintenance and use of an electronic database.
Traditional databases are organized by fields, records, and files. A field is a single piece of information; a record is one complete set of fields; and a file is a collection of records. For example, a telephone book is analogous to a file. It contains a list of records, each of which consists of three fields: name, address, and telephone number.
To access information from a database, you need a database management system This is a collection of computer programs that enables you to enter, organize, and select data in a database.
Database management systems are usually categorized according to the database model that they support. The data model tends to determine the query languages that are available to access the database.
There are different types of DBMS System
Relational Database Management Systems
Network Database Management Systems
Hierarchical Database Management Systems
Relational Database Management Systems
The most widely commonly used type of DBMS today is the Relational Database Management Systems.
Some Data Base Management Systems can be accessed directly using programming languages such as COBOL while others provide their own programming language for interacting with the database. Many DBMS applications also provide reporting and query tools to view data in the database.
Database design is the process of organizing this data into related record types. The DBMS that is chosen is the one that can support the organization's data structure while efficiently processing the transaction volume.
Relational Database Management Systems
Relational databases do not link records together physically, but the design of the records must provide a common field, such as account number, to allow for matching. Often, the fields used for matching are indexed in order to speed up the process.
Network Database Management Systems
The network model tends to store records with links to other records. Associations are tracked via "pointers". These pointers can be node numbers or disk addresses. Most computer networking databases tend to also include some form of hierarchical model. In network databases, a record type can have multiple owners.
Traditional databases are organized by fields, records, and files. A field is a single piece of information; a record is one complete set of fields; and a file is a collection of records. For example, a telephone book is analogous to a file. It contains a list of records, each of which consists of three fields: name, address, and telephone number.
To access information from a database, you need a database management system This is a collection of computer programs that enables you to enter, organize, and select data in a database.
Database management systems are usually categorized according to the database model that they support. The data model tends to determine the query languages that are available to access the database.
There are different types of DBMS System
Relational Database Management Systems
Network Database Management Systems
Hierarchical Database Management Systems
Relational Database Management Systems
The most widely commonly used type of DBMS today is the Relational Database Management Systems.
Some Data Base Management Systems can be accessed directly using programming languages such as COBOL while others provide their own programming language for interacting with the database. Many DBMS applications also provide reporting and query tools to view data in the database.
Database design is the process of organizing this data into related record types. The DBMS that is chosen is the one that can support the organization's data structure while efficiently processing the transaction volume.
Relational Database Management Systems
Relational databases do not link records together physically, but the design of the records must provide a common field, such as account number, to allow for matching. Often, the fields used for matching are indexed in order to speed up the process.
Network Database Management Systems
The network model tends to store records with links to other records. Associations are tracked via "pointers". These pointers can be node numbers or disk addresses. Most computer networking databases tend to also include some form of hierarchical model. In network databases, a record type can have multiple owners.
Hierarchical Database Management Systems
In a hierarchical model, data is organized into a tree-like structure, implying a single upward link in each node to describe the nesting, and a sort field to keep the records in a particular order in each same-level list.
Relational Database Management Systems
Relational databases do not link records together physically, but the design of the records must provide a common field, such as account number, to allow for matching. Often, the fields used for matching are indexed in order to speed up the process
Following are some Database Product which are popular.
4D
ADABAS
Alpha Five
Apache Derby Java, also known as IBM Cloudscape and Sun Java DB
BerkeleyDB
CSQL
dBase
FileMaker
Firebird database server
Hsqldb
IBM DB2
IBM IMS
IBM UniVerse
Informix
Ingres
Interbase
MaxDB
Microsoft Access
Microsoft SQL Server
Model 204
MySQL
Nomad
Objectivity/DB
OpenOffice.org Base
OpenLink Virtuoso
Oracle Database
Paradox
PostgreSQL
ScimoreDB
Superbase
Sybase
Visual FoxPro
Teradata
RDM Embedded
Where You Should Let Your Child On The Internet
You need to be very careful with this age of technology. Children are on the internet at all times of the day and are finding their ways to places they should not be allowed. With online pornography simply a click away, you need to ensure that the security settings are right on your computer. In fact you may want to ensure that you don't even go to these websites, because it seems like once you do all sorts of adware will pop up for other sites.
Who's to say that when this happens your child won't be the one sitting in front of the computer screen, and click yes? It's not hard for a child to lie about their age, kids today are not stupid and they can figure out easily what year they need to be born in to allow them access to this once forbidden landscape of debauchery. All it takes is a simple date; these sites don't go and check what else is up with the person who is coming to their site. Hell they don't even care; they just want those people on their website hopefully purchasing a video or something else.
Ok just because you might have to purchase a video doesn't mean that once your child has lied about his age that he's not seeing things that are only intended to be viewed by adult eyes. No in fact as soon as he has hit enter with his or her fake birth date the gates are wide open they will be seeing people unclothed and in acts of well things they just shouldn't be seeing. That is why in my opinion parental controls is one of the more vital products every made.
Society today seems to have such a lax viewpoint on different things, that when I was little were a big deal. Sex was discussed on TV let alone for a kid to even know what the heck it was. We didn't have computers until around age 12. But even so, the internet was not even something that we went on, heck I can't even tell you the first time I went online, it had to be when I was in my 20's. But nowadays there are kids on the computer from who knows what age. With all these different social sites out there they sign up on, and chat to people who may be older then they even admit.
We've all seen those 48 hour episodes where these older men sit there and hit on a girl who they think is a teen. They even drive to the girl's house to meet her, some bringing alcohol. What the hell is wrong with our society when these men do this, and some don't even seem to be upset about being caught? Are we so corrupt and unmoral?
Who's to say that when this happens your child won't be the one sitting in front of the computer screen, and click yes? It's not hard for a child to lie about their age, kids today are not stupid and they can figure out easily what year they need to be born in to allow them access to this once forbidden landscape of debauchery. All it takes is a simple date; these sites don't go and check what else is up with the person who is coming to their site. Hell they don't even care; they just want those people on their website hopefully purchasing a video or something else.
Ok just because you might have to purchase a video doesn't mean that once your child has lied about his age that he's not seeing things that are only intended to be viewed by adult eyes. No in fact as soon as he has hit enter with his or her fake birth date the gates are wide open they will be seeing people unclothed and in acts of well things they just shouldn't be seeing. That is why in my opinion parental controls is one of the more vital products every made.
Society today seems to have such a lax viewpoint on different things, that when I was little were a big deal. Sex was discussed on TV let alone for a kid to even know what the heck it was. We didn't have computers until around age 12. But even so, the internet was not even something that we went on, heck I can't even tell you the first time I went online, it had to be when I was in my 20's. But nowadays there are kids on the computer from who knows what age. With all these different social sites out there they sign up on, and chat to people who may be older then they even admit.
We've all seen those 48 hour episodes where these older men sit there and hit on a girl who they think is a teen. They even drive to the girl's house to meet her, some bringing alcohol. What the hell is wrong with our society when these men do this, and some don't even seem to be upset about being caught? Are we so corrupt and unmoral?
Computer Tech Tips - Zone Alarm Configurations
You won't have to do a lot of research on firewalls to discover that Zone Alarm, comes highly recommended by many techs in the industry. Unfortunately though, there simple are not a lot of computer tech tips on effective Zone Alarm configurations. This article is designed to provide you with step by step instructions on setting up basic Zone Alarm.
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To open the control center, right click on the ZA icon, down by the clock in the lower right corner of your screen. Select Restore Zone Alarm Control Center, click to open
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Click on Overview in the left hand column.
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Click on the Preferences tab, located below the help question mark.
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In the Check for Updates section, put a dot in the automatic circle. (Click on the center of the circle)
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In the General section, put a check in the box next to Protect Zone Alarm Client.
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In the Contact With Zone Labs section, put a check in the box marked Hide the last octet of my IP address when applicable. This concludes the overview portion.
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Look back to the column on the left, under the word Overview click on Firewall.
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There are two tabs near the help icon. You should be on Main (If not, click on the Main tab.)
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In the section Internet Zone Security, (it should be the top section) click on the medium position, this should highlight Med. This will also change the text to the right of the setting box, to medium.
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Go to the Trusted Zone Security section and set it to medium also.
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Click on the Advanced box, just under the last section, on the lower right. There will be a smaller window with the text Advance Settings at the top. In this box you will see a Security tab. In this section you will see several boxes stacked on top of each other. The ones that you will need to have checked are Allow Outgoing DNS/DHCP in Trusted Zone on High setting and Allow Outgoing DNS/DHCP in Internet Zone on High setting. Click ok to close window.
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In the left column, click on Program Controls. Once again you should see tabs at the top. You should be on Main. You should see Program Control section and the Auto Lock section.
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In Program Control select medium.
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In Auto Lock, I recommend that you select off, until you are more familiar with this program.
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Click on Program Wizard, under the last section on the lower right. A new window will open. In Program Wizard you will see only one tab with the text Secure Programs on it. Under Secure Programs, on the right, you will see, Do you want Zone Alarm to pre-configure access permission? Select "Yes" and click finished.
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In Program Control, click on the Programs tab, under the help button. Here you can see what programs Zone Alarm will allow to have access, to the internet. You will see green check marks in the programs that it will allow access. The programs with the dark blue question marks, will ask for your permission to get access. (If it's a program that you will be using often you can configure Zone Alarm to remember your permission or to block when you are prompted later). The red X's are programs that are blocked from gaining access. Review all the programs and settings. You can make changes here by left clicking on the X's, question marks, or the checkmarks, to set your preferences. You can also wait, until you are prompted later, to decide. When you have finished configuring your preferences, proceed to the next step.
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In the left column, click on Alerts & Logs. You should be on the Main tab. You will see, Alert Events Shown, click on the center of the circle that reads, ON to activate this feature. You can always change this setting later, when you are more familiar with Zone Alarm.
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Under the section on the lower right, click on the Advanced box. This will bring up a smaller window with the text Advance Alert and Log Settings at the top. Place a check mark in the box to archive text logs daily.
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In the Log Archive Appearance section, set your preferences. When you are finished click ok at the bottom to close the smaller window.
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In the left column, click on E-mail Protection. On the Main tab select, Basic MailSafe Settings. Set your preference. Special Note: If your anti-virus protection is continually up to date, it is generally unnecessary to select this feature, and may possibly conflict with your anti-virus program. If you do not have anti-virus protection, then click the circle to turn this feature on. Close control panel.
- Download free basic version of Zone Alarm
- Zone Alarm help files provide advanced settings.
- Test your new firewall configurations with Shields Up.
- Related Articles: Virus & Hacker Threats - Should You React?
Desktop or Laptop Computer - Which One Should You Get?
You're in the market for a computer, but you just aren't sure which type you want to get. Maybe you're replacing an old desktop that is now a dinosaur and is way too slow to do much of anything online. Do you want another desktop? Or are you maybe looking for the mobility and freedom you will receive from owning a laptop?
Which is best? It's not as easy as it use to be to choose between the two. In days of past laptops use to be much slower than their desktop brothers. But now you can get laptops that are quick and at times perhaps faster than a desktop. Another problem use to be the amount of hard disk space that was available. In desktops you never really had to worry. The amount you got for storage was pretty much equivalent to the amount of money you wanted to spend on the desktop. Laptops although in the past were limited to a smaller amount of storage space no matter how much you spent on one.
Another problem was the picture of a desktop monitor was very good, not always sharp, but much nicer than what you would receive on an older laptop computer. Making the laptop as good as the desktop has made it difficult to choose between the different types of computers. Plus back a few years laptops weighed more than they do now. Making them easier to carry about, but still cumbersome none the less.
You have so many different choices in desktops or laptops it's at times really a hard decision. Laptop prices have come down also in the last few years compared to what they use to be. Now you can actually buy a laptop for cheaper than some desktop computer models. The storage space on the hard drive is higher, than than and in fact as high as desktops are now. The picture rivals those monitors you can purchase with a desktop. Also the weight is much less sometimes weighing in as little as three pounds. So really the past reasons for not getting a laptop are not around any longer.
Desktops have also made great strides over the years, you have a choice of monitors between the CRT and LCD, and one gives you a better picture that is sharp, which the other gives you more colors. The hard drive storage is at times tremendous, depending again on how much you want to spend. They now have CD burring drives in every computer that is sold, and some have DVD burning drives too. You can get a very decent computer for around $400 to $500 now and have a fast machine with good storage capability.
Of course you also have flash drives and external hard drives that you can store your information on, and a lot of these are not very expensive. So storage isn't as big of a deal as it use to be.
Really though the biggest decision is do you want to have a computer that you can take along with you? Or do you not need that mobility available? Which ever way you choose to go, like you should do with anything else e.g. a registry cleaner, make sure to research your options and get the one that offers you the most for the amount of money that you spend.
Which is best? It's not as easy as it use to be to choose between the two. In days of past laptops use to be much slower than their desktop brothers. But now you can get laptops that are quick and at times perhaps faster than a desktop. Another problem use to be the amount of hard disk space that was available. In desktops you never really had to worry. The amount you got for storage was pretty much equivalent to the amount of money you wanted to spend on the desktop. Laptops although in the past were limited to a smaller amount of storage space no matter how much you spent on one.
Another problem was the picture of a desktop monitor was very good, not always sharp, but much nicer than what you would receive on an older laptop computer. Making the laptop as good as the desktop has made it difficult to choose between the different types of computers. Plus back a few years laptops weighed more than they do now. Making them easier to carry about, but still cumbersome none the less.
You have so many different choices in desktops or laptops it's at times really a hard decision. Laptop prices have come down also in the last few years compared to what they use to be. Now you can actually buy a laptop for cheaper than some desktop computer models. The storage space on the hard drive is higher, than than and in fact as high as desktops are now. The picture rivals those monitors you can purchase with a desktop. Also the weight is much less sometimes weighing in as little as three pounds. So really the past reasons for not getting a laptop are not around any longer.
Desktops have also made great strides over the years, you have a choice of monitors between the CRT and LCD, and one gives you a better picture that is sharp, which the other gives you more colors. The hard drive storage is at times tremendous, depending again on how much you want to spend. They now have CD burring drives in every computer that is sold, and some have DVD burning drives too. You can get a very decent computer for around $400 to $500 now and have a fast machine with good storage capability.
Of course you also have flash drives and external hard drives that you can store your information on, and a lot of these are not very expensive. So storage isn't as big of a deal as it use to be.
Really though the biggest decision is do you want to have a computer that you can take along with you? Or do you not need that mobility available? Which ever way you choose to go, like you should do with anything else e.g. a registry cleaner, make sure to research your options and get the one that offers you the most for the amount of money that you spend.
Different Types of Computers To Choose From
Almost everyone in America has a computer in their home. In fact the World, not everyone will have one, but I bet you there are well over 10 billion people who do have a computer. When you're looking for a computer you have a few choices that you can buy. Plus we're going to go over a few choices that we may not have as consumers yet, but they are really neat.
First off the most popular choice is most likely the desktop computer. This is an independent personal computer or PC. Prior to the spread of PCs computers that would fit a desk would actually considered small. Desktops are smaller versions of computers from days past. You can get a tower in different styles and shapes. Sometimes you can even get specific colors now. Desktop computers specifically apply to a horizontally cased tower. Normally the display screen will be placed on top of the tower to save space.
Another choice that you have is a laptop computer or better known as a laptop, or notebook computer at times. This is a smaller personal computer which is designed for the person who needs mobility. All the hardware needed to operate a laptop is in a smaller space. Inlike desktops, laptops do have batteries though; you need to remember to charge them or your going to lose power. In order to save power, weight and even space, most laptops share there RAM with the video channel, it makes there performance a bit slower than a desktop.
Next is one of those cool things it's called a tablet PC, it's a notebook, or perhaps better put a slate-shaped mobile computer. It was first introduced in the 90's, but really I don't think I've ever seen one. Its touch screen technology allows the user to touch the screen for their choices with either there finger or a digital pen, or stylus even. Very neat, it's used where notebooks are normally unable to be used.
Ever hear of the ultra-mobile PC, it's a specification that is used to describe a small form factor tablet PC. First developed jointly by Microsoft, Intel and Samsung. These currently use Windows XP, a special addition for Tablet PCs, Vista, or Linux. They have a very small voltage processor around 1 GHz
How about a home theater PC or HTPC, this is a device convergence of the personal computer and a digital video recorder. You connect it to your TV or a television sized computer display. Normally this is used for digital photos, music, video player, or even a TV receiver. They are referred to as media centers; the goal of an HTPC is to combine many items into one box, thus cutting out clutter. They can be pre-configured upon purchase to match your needs.
Finally we have the pocket PC; it's small, and easily used, running on a Microsoft Windows Mobile operating system. It may have the ability to use alternative systems like Linux. Also it is able to do many things that your normal desktop can. Right now there are thousands of applications that can be added to your pocket pc. Some pocket pc are now combing with mobile phones, giving you a greater usage capability. Most pocket pc's can also have GPS added to it; many probably already have cameras and possibly video cameras.
As you can see when going to purchase a computer you have as when buying registry cleaner several choices available to you. Keep in mind what you'll be using it for and if you need the mobility also. Good luck.
First off the most popular choice is most likely the desktop computer. This is an independent personal computer or PC. Prior to the spread of PCs computers that would fit a desk would actually considered small. Desktops are smaller versions of computers from days past. You can get a tower in different styles and shapes. Sometimes you can even get specific colors now. Desktop computers specifically apply to a horizontally cased tower. Normally the display screen will be placed on top of the tower to save space.
Another choice that you have is a laptop computer or better known as a laptop, or notebook computer at times. This is a smaller personal computer which is designed for the person who needs mobility. All the hardware needed to operate a laptop is in a smaller space. Inlike desktops, laptops do have batteries though; you need to remember to charge them or your going to lose power. In order to save power, weight and even space, most laptops share there RAM with the video channel, it makes there performance a bit slower than a desktop.
Next is one of those cool things it's called a tablet PC, it's a notebook, or perhaps better put a slate-shaped mobile computer. It was first introduced in the 90's, but really I don't think I've ever seen one. Its touch screen technology allows the user to touch the screen for their choices with either there finger or a digital pen, or stylus even. Very neat, it's used where notebooks are normally unable to be used.
Ever hear of the ultra-mobile PC, it's a specification that is used to describe a small form factor tablet PC. First developed jointly by Microsoft, Intel and Samsung. These currently use Windows XP, a special addition for Tablet PCs, Vista, or Linux. They have a very small voltage processor around 1 GHz
How about a home theater PC or HTPC, this is a device convergence of the personal computer and a digital video recorder. You connect it to your TV or a television sized computer display. Normally this is used for digital photos, music, video player, or even a TV receiver. They are referred to as media centers; the goal of an HTPC is to combine many items into one box, thus cutting out clutter. They can be pre-configured upon purchase to match your needs.
Finally we have the pocket PC; it's small, and easily used, running on a Microsoft Windows Mobile operating system. It may have the ability to use alternative systems like Linux. Also it is able to do many things that your normal desktop can. Right now there are thousands of applications that can be added to your pocket pc. Some pocket pc are now combing with mobile phones, giving you a greater usage capability. Most pocket pc's can also have GPS added to it; many probably already have cameras and possibly video cameras.
As you can see when going to purchase a computer you have as when buying registry cleaner several choices available to you. Keep in mind what you'll be using it for and if you need the mobility also. Good luck.
Computer Virus Threats
We've all had it happen, that moment of panic when you wonder if your computer has a virus. In that situation, we can make the wrong decisions by deleting or installing files. If your system is set up properly and you back up files on a regular basis, there is no reason to panic.
Most of us have received an email "from a friend" warning us of impending doom. Sometimes the warning is real and sometimes it's not. Usually the email begins "I found this on my computer and I think I may have accidentally sent it to you. Better check your computer. I'm really sorry." The email finishes up with urging you to send this message to EVERYONE in your address book.
Hoaxes can actually make you the virus by getting you to delete needed programs or files causing the system to bog down or crash. These hoaxes usually arrive in the form of an e-mail and contain false virus warnings. When in doubt, check a list of known virus hoaxes. The best thing to do is to delete the email.
Some virus programs appear to have been sent by a friend or a company you have emailed before. Most come from unknown sources. Once opened they work by pulling names out of a computer's address book and using them to further spread the virus.
You can set your email to accept plain text only. Block or remove emails that contain file attachments. Some viruses are even programmed to instruct your pc to show you only the plain text but can still infect your computer with hidden malicious code.
Prevent Computer Virus Threats
Install Virus Protection Programs
Help prevent computer viruses by updating windows regularly and installing virus protection programs. Virus updates should be done at least once a week. Scheduled the task time to run automatically so that it won't interfere with your work. Set up your computer to automatically download updates, but install the updates manually.
If your system starts running very slowly for no reason, go online and get the system checked. A good scan of your entire operating system, memory, hard drive and boot sector is needed. Trend Micro has a free online virus scanner.
Anti-virus programs hunt for viruses and cleans attachments if possible. When a file can't be cleaned, the anti-virus program will isolate the file. The anti-virus program uses the definition list you download from the program's website, or it matches up a general pattern of what a virus looks like.
The schedule with which the anti-virus definitions are updated can vary, and you may get caught in that window of vulnerability between the virus appearing and it getting updated to the list. Warning: The viruses will get in if you don't keep your anti-virus program updated.
Software companies use patches to correct a problem or a weakness that people can take advantage of. Patching is a necessity and will be an on going method for computer systems weakness prevention.
The Internet is not always what you see. Scan all of your email attachments as you download them. This should be done with files you download directly from internet sites as well as music files, programs, e-books, games, etc. Be careful sharing files with others, such as MP3, videos, programs, pictures, etc. Downloadable data can contain malicious code that you download without knowing it, and will infect your computer.
Downloading the latest patch for your system can stop some of these viruses. You need to get the most recent protection that is out there. Get them directly from the company site. Please note that sometimes you could receive false notifications of necessary update patches in your email, urging you to download a patch immediately to protect your computer. Microsoft does not send update notices by email. These are almost always viruses.
Trojan is a code that hides from you. Even banner ads can contain trojans. The banner ad displays another pop-up that would redirect you to another site and load the content on that page. This would allow the trojan to execute while you are distracted with the content of the page. Trojan programs do not seek out new computers to infect like a worm or virus.
A trojan has the ability to automatically infect a computer. The fact that no fix exists for it, makes the appearance of the trojan a problem. MooSoft developed The Cleaner for detecting and removing trojans in your computer.
People can help protect themselves against Active X issues by changing their IE internet security zone settings to prompt them before running Active X components. If your not familiar with changing security settings, visit PC Pitstop for a free scan to check for security vulnerabilities and automatically set your security controls.
Hackers use automated programs to break into systems and are used by virus writers who set out to damage or use a computer system. The use of a firewall will help prevent this. A firewall works by warning you when someone is trying to gain access to your computer. If someone gains access to your computer they can retrieve information that you have entered, such as passwords, bank accounts and credit card numbers. Zone Labs offers a free basic firewall.
A computer worm hasn't been created to spread by instant messaging, however it provides a target. Experts say a computer worm transmitted by using instant messaging programs would infect as many as 1,000,000 computers in less than a minute. New threats to your computer are created on a regular basis.
Keeping informed and using good judgment is always the very best prevention.
Software Firewall - Types of Firewall And What They Are
A firewall's basic task is to regulate some of the flow of traffic between computer networks of different trust levels. Typical examples are the Internet which is a zone with no trust and an internal network which is a zone of higher trust. A zone with an intermediate trust level, situated between the Internet and a trusted internal network, is often referred to as a "perimeter network" or Demilitarized zone (DMZ).
A firewall's function within a network is similar to firewalls with fire doors in building construction. In the former case, it is used to prevent network intrusion to the private network. In the latter case, it is intended to contain and delay structural fire from spreading to adjacent structures.
Without proper configuration, a firewall can often become worthless. Standard internet security practices dictate a "default-deny" firewall rule set, in which the only network connections which are allowed are the ones that have been explicitly allowed. Unfortunately, such a configuration requires detailed understanding of the network applications and endpoints required for the organization's day-to-day operation. Many businesses lack such understanding, and therefore implement a "default-allow" rule set, in which all traffic is allowed unless it has been specifically blocked. This configuration makes inadvertent network connections and system compromise much more likely.
Types of firewalls
There are several classifications of firewalls depending on where the communication is taking place, where the communication is intercepted and the state that is being traced.
Network layer and packet filters
Network layer firewalls, also called packet filters, operate at a relatively low level of the TCP/IP protocol stack, not allowing packets to pass through the firewall unless they match the established rule set. The firewall administrator may define the rules; or default rules may apply. The term packet filter originated in the context of BSD operating systems.
Application-layer Firewall
Application-layer firewalls work on the application level of the TCP/IP stack i.e., all browser traffic, or all telnet or ftp traffic and may intercept all packets traveling to or from an application. They block other packets usually dropping them without acknowledgement to the sender. In principle, application firewalls can prevent all unwanted outside traffic from reaching protected machines.
ProxiesFirewall
A proxy device may act as a firewall by responding to input packets, (connection requests, for example) in the manner of an application, whilst blocking other packets. Proxies make tampering with an internal system from the external network more difficult and misuse of one internal system would not necessarily cause a security breach exploitable from outside the firewall.
Network address translation
Firewalls often have network address translation (NAT) functionality, and the hosts protected behind a firewall commonly have addresses in the "private address range", as defined in RFC 1918. Firewalls often have such functionality to hide the true address of protected hosts. Originally, the NAT function was developed to address the limited number of IPv4 routable addresses that could be used or assigned to companies or individuals as well as reduce both the amount and therefore cost of obtaining enough public addresses for every computer in an organization. Hiding the addresses of protected devices has become an increasingly important defense against network reconnaissance.
A firewall's function within a network is similar to firewalls with fire doors in building construction. In the former case, it is used to prevent network intrusion to the private network. In the latter case, it is intended to contain and delay structural fire from spreading to adjacent structures.
Without proper configuration, a firewall can often become worthless. Standard internet security practices dictate a "default-deny" firewall rule set, in which the only network connections which are allowed are the ones that have been explicitly allowed. Unfortunately, such a configuration requires detailed understanding of the network applications and endpoints required for the organization's day-to-day operation. Many businesses lack such understanding, and therefore implement a "default-allow" rule set, in which all traffic is allowed unless it has been specifically blocked. This configuration makes inadvertent network connections and system compromise much more likely.
Types of firewalls
There are several classifications of firewalls depending on where the communication is taking place, where the communication is intercepted and the state that is being traced.
Network layer and packet filters
Network layer firewalls, also called packet filters, operate at a relatively low level of the TCP/IP protocol stack, not allowing packets to pass through the firewall unless they match the established rule set. The firewall administrator may define the rules; or default rules may apply. The term packet filter originated in the context of BSD operating systems.
Application-layer Firewall
Application-layer firewalls work on the application level of the TCP/IP stack i.e., all browser traffic, or all telnet or ftp traffic and may intercept all packets traveling to or from an application. They block other packets usually dropping them without acknowledgement to the sender. In principle, application firewalls can prevent all unwanted outside traffic from reaching protected machines.
ProxiesFirewall
A proxy device may act as a firewall by responding to input packets, (connection requests, for example) in the manner of an application, whilst blocking other packets. Proxies make tampering with an internal system from the external network more difficult and misuse of one internal system would not necessarily cause a security breach exploitable from outside the firewall.
Network address translation
Firewalls often have network address translation (NAT) functionality, and the hosts protected behind a firewall commonly have addresses in the "private address range", as defined in RFC 1918. Firewalls often have such functionality to hide the true address of protected hosts. Originally, the NAT function was developed to address the limited number of IPv4 routable addresses that could be used or assigned to companies or individuals as well as reduce both the amount and therefore cost of obtaining enough public addresses for every computer in an organization. Hiding the addresses of protected devices has become an increasingly important defense against network reconnaissance.
A firewall is dedicated security software running on computer. While a registry cleaner find and delete tracking programs that install them self through internet pages, a firewall inspects network traffic passing through it, and denies or permits passage based on a set of rules.
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